Modal Interchange: Definition
Modal interchange is a compositional technique where chords are borrowed from parallel modes to add harmonic variety to a piece of music. For example, a piece in C major might borrow chords from C minor, C Phrygian, or another parallel mode.
This technique is commonly used in jazz, film scores, and popular music to create emotional shifts and unexpected harmonic colors.
Technical Details
In traditional harmony, compositions typically use chords from a single mode. Modal interchange expands these options by allowing borrowed chords from parallel modes. Common examples include:
- The flat sixth chord (♭VI) borrowed from minor mode
- The diminished second chord (ii°) from minor mode
- The flat third chord (♭III) from minor mode
- The flat seventh chord (♭VII) from mixolydian mode
These borrowed chords create tension and emotional depth in the harmony. For example, in C major, the A♭ major chord (♭VI) creates a sudden shift in mood that can feel nostalgic or melancholic.
Common Applications
Popular Music
Many pop and rock songs use modal interchange for emotional effect in their chorus or bridge sections. The sudden shift in harmony creates contrast and heightens emotional impact.
Film Scores
Composers frequently use modal interchange to signal emotional transitions in characters or storylines, creating dramatic shifts in mood without changing the underlying key.
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